Rob Phillips
FA 100
Creative Being
Research Assignment
Jackson Pollock stood at the centre of what became known as one of the first specifically American art movements, Abstract Expressionism. Due to his sensitive nature and exposure to a number of artistic styles at an early age, his art inevitably became a collision of expressionism and traditional flavors. Though he encountered many obstacles, he still managed to define and ignite an artistic movement.
Understanding why Pollock was the central force of such a movement is easy when you consider the new concepts that he introduced to both the surrealist and expressionist styles of his era. Pollock used colour and form solely for their sensory and emotional impact. He also employed innovative techniques in his artistic process to achieve deliberately abstract outcomes, which came to realize themselves as what we now refer to as Abstract Expressionism. He employed and developed various new techniques including the dripping of paint onto a canvas laid flat out on a floor, and the use of less conventional painting tools and methods to elicit a particular response from his audience. In doing so, he distinguished himself from both the surrealist and expressionist.
“On the floor I am more at ease. I feel nearer, more a part of the painting, since this way I can walk around it, work from the four sides and literally be in the painting. This is akin to the method of the Indian sand painters of the West.”
- Jackson Pollock - Interviews, Articles and Reviews (Pg. 17)(1)
What likely contributed to the development of Pollock’s creative force in the painting world, would have to be his sensitive and perceptive character. He was exposed at an early age to “American Indian Art” and it was at that time that he became particularly inspired by a collection of various sand paintings originating from the region of the western United States. He studied at the Arts Student League in New York City, beginning early at age 17(2). One of his most influential professors, the regionalist New York based painter Thomas Hart Benton exposed him to aspects of surrealism that later influenced his unique take on expressionism (eventually leading to the development of Abstract Expressionism). He became addicted to alcohol use at a young age likely as a means of self medication for the effects of the extreme sensitivity he had to his surroundings. He used it as a way to calm his anxiety and null the intensity of his emotions.
His creative approach was met with resistance as it was not easily understood, did not easily fit into either the surrealist or expressionist movements of the time and therefore had no particular niche. This only further aggravated his struggle with alcoholism and depression that he experienced in his daily life. He was ostracized for his creative style and was accused by many in his field of “destroying the easel picture” with his mural art and his “drip/splash” approach (Jackson Pollock – Interviews, Articles and Reviews [pg. 10])(3), his drip technique was even referred to by Yale philosophy professor Theodore Green as a “pleasant design for a neck-tie (Pg.11)(4).”
Citations:
- Pepe Karmel. Jackson Pollock: Interviews, Articles and Reviews. (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1999.)
- B.H. Friedman. Jackson Pollock: Energy Made Visible. (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1972.)
- Pepe Karmel. Jackson Pollock: Interviews, Articles and Reviews. (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1999.)
- Pepe Karmel. Jackson Pollock: Interviews, Articles and Reviews. (New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1999.)
Bibliography:
- Friedman, B.H. Jackson Pollock: Energy Made Visible. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1972.
- Karmel, Pepe. Jackson Pollock: Interviews, Articles and Reviews. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1999.
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